In this article, you will get to know about Multiprogramming and Multitasking operating systems.

MultiProgramming Operating System

• This is concept is for a single CPU.

• The concept of multiprogramming operating systems came earlier than the multitasking operating systems.

• This operating system try's to take as many processes into the RAM.

• It is generally non pre-emptive, and at the same time, it tries to prevent CPU from being ideal.

• The functionality of multiprogramming operating system can be understood as, support that there is a process that wants to perform some input/output operation, in that case, the process will be sent for I/O operation and in the meantime, the CPU will start executing another process, and hence by this way we prevent CPU from being ideal.

• The main focus of multiprogramming operating system is to prevent CPU from being ideal.

• Note: If a process does not want to perform any kind of I/O operation then CPU will first execute it completely, and this is why multiprogramming CPU is termed as non pre-emptive.

• Concept of Context Switching is used but there is not the concept of time-sharing.

MultiTasking operating System

• This concept is for a single CPU.

• It is also known as the time-sharing operating system.

• The concept of the multitasking operating system is simple that, it will execute a process for a particular time and if in that time the process gets finished then well & good otherwise it will start executing another process.

• This type of operating system is termed as pre-emptive (CPU is not ideal). The idealness gets decreased.

• By this approach, every process get a chance to execute and the process do not have to wait for to start their execution.

• One more thing that makes the multitasking operating system more suitable is that along with the less idealness of the CPU becomes more responsive.

• Concept of Context Switching and Time Sharing is used.

• The main advantage of a multitasking operating system over a multiprogramming operating system is that a multitasking operating system is more responsive than a multiprogramming operating system.

• The main focus of multitasking operating systems is to make CPU more responsive.